Higher education institutions have long recognized the importance of applied music lessons in nurturing the artistic talents of students pursuing careers as performers, composers or conductors (Owens 2011, 84–86; Smith 2014, 63–66; van Zuilenburg 2012, 325–328). These lessons provide a unique opportunity for students to refine their technical abilities and express their musicality. However, an often-overlooked aspect of their education lies in the development of entrepreneurial skills, including marketing, business planning and strategy (Cusic and Schneller 2018, 111–116; de Reizabal and Benito GÛmez 2020, 354–357). The constraints of limited time within the curriculum and professors' unfamiliarity with teaching entrepreneurship contribute to the neglect of these vital components (Beckman 2005, 15–16; Crookes 2008, 46–50).
